箱线图练习题 - 掌握箱线图的绘制和解读
以下是4道综合练习题,涵盖箱线图的绘制、解读和比较分析。
A group of students took a test. The summary data are shown in the table.
| Lowest mark | Lower quartile \( Q_1 \) | Median | Upper quartile \( Q_3 \) | Highest mark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 21 | 28 | 36 | 58 |
Given that there were no outliers, draw a box plot to illustrate these data.
解答过程:
Here is a box plot of marks in an examination.
a) Write down the upper and lower quartiles.
b) Write down the median.
c) Work out the interquartile range (IQR).
d) Work out the range.
解答过程:
(假设从图中读取:下四分位数\( Q_1 = 20 \),中位数=35,上四分位数\( Q_3 = 50 \),最小值=10,最大值=80)
The masses of male and female turtles are given in grams. The data are summarised in the box plots.
a) Compare and contrast the masses of the male and female turtles.
b) A turtle was found to have a mass of 330 grams. State whether it is likely to be a male or a female. Give a reason for your answer.
c) Write down the size of the largest female turtle.
解答过程:
a) 对比:
b) 更可能是雌性,因为雌性海龟的箱线图范围包含330g附近,而雄性海龟质量整体更高。
c) 最大的雌性海龟质量为400 g(异常值前的最大值)。
The average weight (in kg) for 30 different breeds of dog are shown below.
13, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 22, 24, 24, 25, 25, 26, 26, 26, 27, 29, 29, 30, 30, 33, 33, 38, 46, 48
a) Calculate \( Q_1 \), \( Q_2 \) and \( Q_3 \).
b) Show that 46 kg and 48 kg are outliers.
c) Draw a box plot for this data.
解答过程:
a) 先排序数据(共25个):
13,15,16,19,20,21,22,22,24,24,25,25,26,26,26,27,29,29,30,30,33,33,38,46,48
b) 计算IQR:\( 30 - 22 = 8 \);
异常值上限:\( 30 + 1.5 \times 8 = 42 \);
因为\( 46 > 42 \),\( 48 > 42 \),所以46 kg和48 kg是异常值。
c) 绘制箱线图: