茎叶图 - 数据整理与分布展示的有效工具
茎叶图是将数据按"茎(通常为高位部分)"和"叶(通常为低位部分)"拆分,用于整理2或3位有效数字的数据,可直观展示数据分布形状,便于查找众数、四分位数、中位数等。
The blood glucose levels of 30 males are recorded. The results, in mmol/litre, are given below.
4.4, 2.4, 5.1, 3.7, 4.7, 2.2, 3.8, 4.2, 5.0, 4.7, 4.1, 4.6, 4.7, 3.7, 3.6, 2.1, 2.5, 3.8, 4.2, 4.0, 3.5, 4.8, 5.1, 4.5, 3.6, 1.4, 3.2, 4.7, 3.6, 5.2
a) Draw a stem and leaf diagram to represent the data.
b) Find: i the mode ii the lower quartile iii the upper quartile iv the median.
a) 绘制茎叶图步骤:
| Stem | Leaf | Key: \( 1 \mid 4 = 1.4 \) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 | |
| 2 | 1 2 4 5 | |
| 3 | 2 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 | |
| 4 | 0 1 2 2 4 5 6 7 7 7 7 8 | |
| 5 | 0 1 1 2 |
b) 计算统计量:
Achara recorded the resting pulse rate for the 16 boys and 23 girls in her year at school. Construct a back to back stem and leaf diagram and comment on the results.
背靠背茎叶图(茎为十位,叶为个位,女孩在左、男孩在右,升序排列):
| Girls | Stem | Boys | Key: \( 0 \mid 4 \mid 6 \) 表示女孩40,男孩46 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 0 | 6 | |
| 5 4 0 | 4 | 0 7 9 | |
| 9 5 5 2 | 1 | 0 0 4 5 7 8 | |
| 8 6 6 6 3 | 2 | 1 2 4 5 | |
| 0 2 0 4 5 8 | 7 | 0 | |
| 9 8 5 4 0 | 8 | 0 | |
| 2 1 0 | 9 | 1 |
结论:男孩的静息脉搏率整体低于女孩。
The blood glucose levels of 30 females are recorded in the stem and leaf diagram below. An outlier is defined as \( 1.5 \times \text{IQR} \) above \( Q_3 \) or below \( Q_1 \).
| Stem | Leaf | Key: \( 2 \mid 1 = 2.1 \) |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | 2 2 3 3 5 7 | |
| 3 | 1 2 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 | |
| 4 | 0 0 0 0 4 5 6 7 8 | |
| 5 | 1 5 |
a) Find the quartiles. b) Find any outliers.
a) 计算四分位数:
b) 判断异常值: